A utility model is a form of intellectual property (IP) protection that safeguards technical innovations. It is often referred to as a “petty patent” and works in a similar way to a standard patent by preventing others from using, making, or selling the protected invention without permission.

This type of protection is typically used for incremental improvements to existing products rather than groundbreaking inventions. Like patents, it protects technical features, but the requirements to obtain protection are generally less strict.

The key difference between a utility model and a standard patent is that a utility model usually only needs to meet two criteria:

• Novelty (the invention must be new)
• Industrial applicability (it must be capable of being made or used in industry)

Unlike patents, an inventive step is often not required, and most registrations take place without substantive examination, making this form of protection faster to obtain.

Availability varies by jurisdiction, as not all countries offer utility model protection. Some allow coverage for the same types of technologies as patents, while others limit protection to mechanical devices and machines, excluding chemical, biological, or technical processes.

This form of IP protection is generally more affordable than standard patents because:

• Substantive examination is often not required
• The application process is simpler and faster
• Legal and official fees are lower

For businesses or inventors working with limited budgets, utility models can provide a cost-effective way to secure enforceable IP rights.

They are best suited when:

• The invention has a short commercial lifespan
• The improvement is incremental rather than revolutionary
• Fast protection is more important than long-term coverage
• Budget constraints make patent protection less practical

Protection typically lasts around 10 years from the filing date, which is significantly shorter than standard patents but ideal for products in fast-moving industries.

In summary, utility models offer a quick, affordable, and practical alternative to patents in jurisdictions where they are available. You can find information on whether specific jurisdictions offer utility model protection in our handy IP-Guide, which provides country-by-country details on availability and requirements.